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Chest MRI

Definition

胸部MRI(磁共振成像)扫描是一种成像测试,它使用强大的磁场和无线电波来创建胸部(胸部区域)的图像。. It does not use radiation (x-rays).

Alternative Names

Nuclear magnetic resonance - chest; Magnetic resonance imaging - chest; NMR - chest; MRI of the thorax; Thoracic MRI

How the Test is Performed

The test is done in the following way:

  • 你可能会被要求穿病号服或没有金属扣的衣服(如运动裤和t恤)。. 某些类型的金属可能会导致图像模糊,或者在扫描仪室中使用是危险的.
  • 你躺在一张狭窄的桌子上,桌子滑进了一个巨大的隧道状扫描仪.
  • 考试时你必须保持不动,因为移动会使图像模糊. You may be told to hold your breath for short periods.

Some exams require a special dye called contrast. 染料通常在检查前通过手或前臂的静脉注射. 这种染料可以帮助放射科十大赌博平台排行榜更清楚地看到某些区域. 在检查之前,可以做一个血液检查来测量你的肾功能. 这是为了确保你的肾脏足够健康来过滤造影剂.

在核磁共振过程中,操作机器的人会在另一个房间看着你. 测试通常持续30到60分钟,但也可能需要更长时间.

How to Prepare for the Test

你可能会被要求在扫描前4到6个小时不要吃或喝任何东西.

告诉你的十大赌博平台排行榜你是否有幽闭恐惧症(害怕封闭的空间). 十大赌博平台排行榜可能会给你开一种药,帮助你感到困倦和减少焦虑. 你的十大赌博平台排行榜可能会建议你做一个“开放式”的核磁共振成像,这样机器就不会离你的身体那么近了.

在检查前,如果你有以下情况,请告诉你的十大赌博平台排行榜:

  • Brain aneurysm clips
  • Artificial heart valves
  • Heart defibrillator or pacemaker
  • Inner ear (cochlear) implants
  • 肾脏疾病或正在进行透析(您可能无法接受对比)
  • Recently placed artificial joints
  • Vascular stents
  • 过去曾接触过金属片(您可能需要检查眼睛中是否有金属片)

核磁共振仪含有很强的磁铁,所以金属物体不允许进入核磁共振仪的房间. 这是因为有一种风险,它们会从你的身体被吸引到扫描仪上. Examples of metal objects you will need to remove are:

  • Pens, pocket knives, and eyeglasses
  • 比如珠宝、手表、信用卡和助听器
  • Pins, hairpins, and metal zippers
  • Removable dental work

上面描述的一些较新的医疗设备与MRI兼容, 所以放射科十大赌博平台排行榜需要检查设备制造商,以确定是否可以进行核磁共振成像.

How the Test will Feel

An MRI exam causes no pain. 如果你躺着不动或非常紧张,你可能会服用药物来放松. 过多的运动可能会模糊核磁共振成像图像,导致十大赌博平台排行榜在看图像时出现错误.

桌子可能是硬的或冷的,但你可以要一条毯子或枕头. 机器开机时会发出巨大的砰砰声和嗡嗡声. You can wear ear plugs to help reduce the noise.

房间里的对讲机可以让你随时和别人通话. 一些核磁共振有电视和特殊的耳机,你可以用它来帮助时间流逝.

没有恢复时间,除非你吃了药来放松. 核磁共振扫描后,你可以恢复正常的饮食、活动和药物.

Why the Test is Performed

胸部核磁共振成像提供了胸部组织的详细图像. In general, it is not as good at looking at the lungs as a CT chest scan, but it can be better for other tissues.

A chest MRI may be done to:

  • Provide an alternative to angiography, or avoid repeated exposure to radiation
  • Clarify findings from earlier x-rays or CT scans
  • Diagnose abnormal growths in the chest
  • Evaluate blood flow
  • Show lymph nodes and blood vessels
  • Show the structures of the chest from many angles
  • 看看胸部的癌症是否已经扩散到身体的其他部位(这被称为分期——它有助于指导未来的治疗和随访, and gives you an idea of what to expect in the future)
  • 检查肿瘤,特别是在胸部中部(纵隔)

Normal Results

A normal result means your chest area appears normal.

What Abnormal Results Mean

An abnormal chest MRI may be due to:

  • A tear in the wall, an abnormal widening or ballooning或将血液运出心脏(主动脉)的大动脉变窄。
  • 肺或胸部大血管的其他异常变化
  • Buildup of blood or fluid around the heart (pericardial effusion) or the lungs (pleural effusion)
  • Lung cancer or cancer that has spread to the lungs from elsewhere in the body
  • Cancer or tumors of the heart
  • Cancer or tumors of the chest, such as a thymus tumor
  • 心肌变弱、拉伸或有其他结构性问题的疾病(cardiomyopathy)
  • 肺大气道受损或扩张(支气管扩张)
  • Enlarged lymph nodes
  • Infection of the heart tissue or heart valve
  • Esophageal cancer
  • Lymphoma in the chest
  • Birth defects of the heart
  • Tumors, nodules, or cysts in the chest

Risks

MRI uses no radiation. 到目前为止,还没有关于磁场和无线电波的副作用的报道.

The most common type of contrast (dye) used is gadolinium. It is very safe. Allergic reactions to the substance rarely occur. 然而,钆可能对需要透析的肾病患者有害. 如果你有肾脏问题,在检查前告诉你的十大赌博平台排行榜.

核磁共振成像过程中产生的强磁场会导致心脏起搏器和其他植入物不能正常工作. 它还会导致你体内的一块金属移动或移位.

Considerations

Currently, MRI不被认为是发现或监测肺组织细微变化的有价值的工具. The lungs contain mostly air and are hard to image. CT scan tends to be better for monitoring these changes.

Disadvantages of MRI include:

  • High cost
  • Long length of the scan
  • Sensitivity to movement

References

Ackman JB. 胸部磁共振成像:诊断的技术和方法. In: Shephard J-AO, ed. Thoracic Imaging: The Requisites. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 3.

Jokerst CE, Gotway MB. Thoracic radiology: noninvasive diagnostic imaging. In: Broaddus VC, Ernst JD, King TE, et al, eds. Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 20.

Review Date: 07/31/2022

此处提供的信息不应用于任何医疗紧急情况或用于任何医疗状况的诊断或治疗. 在诊断和治疗任何和所有医疗状况时,应咨询有执照的十大赌博平台排行榜. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. 其他网站的链接仅供参考——它们不构成对其他网站的认可. Copyright ©2019 A.D.A.M., Inc., as modified by University of California San Francisco. 严禁复制或分发本网站所载资料.

Information developed by A.D.A.M., Inc. 关于测试和测试结果可能与UCSF健康中心提供的信息不直接对应. 请与您的十大赌博平台排行榜讨论您可能有的任何问题或担忧.

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